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The “On Board” Charger modules, located on the vehicle as the name suggests, have air or liquid cooling to help with thermal management due to the power levels. Depending on the architecture, the OBC output may need to operate down to less than 250 VDC and operate at 800 VDC or higher when charging the main vehicle battery pack. Onboard USB chargers are a massive downgrade from 12v outletsOnboard USB chargers are a massive downgrade from 12v outlets. There's a really obnoxious trend of replacing standard 12v outlets with USB ports, typically offered as a somewhat expensive option or foisted on higher trim levels as mandatory equipment (thanks Honda). Of course they don't ever seem to support whatever fast-charging protocol your . Comparing CLLLC and DAB power stages for EV onboard chargers.Facilitating the interface between the power grid and the high-voltage battery inside an EV requires an isolated DC/DC power stage: two popular choices are the CLLLC and DAB topologies. In order to optimize power in electric vehicles (EVs), the onboard charger (OBC) must be highly-efficient, light in weight, and small in size. There are two basic types of charging, you can use either direct current or alternating current. If AC power is used, from the outlet or from the AC charging station, the current passes through the charging cable to the on-board charger, which converts the AC current to DC and sends it to the battery via the Battery Management System (BMS). If the car is charged with direct current, then the on-board charger is bypassed and the current is sent via the BMS directly to the battery. Therefore, the on-board charger is not used during DC charging, but this charging style has higher demands on the BMS. Here you can find an article on batteries, how they are designed, how to prolong their life and what role DC charging plays in this. Above all, the on-board charger allows you to control the current and voltage at which the battery needs to be charged (Voltage or Current Control Mode), thus taking care of the battery lifespan. The charger offers either constant current or constant voltage charging, both of which are easy to operate. And each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. In the case of constant current charging, there is high efficiency and charging speed, but there is a risk that the battery will be overcharged at a later stage, and its lifespan reduced. In the case of constant voltage charging, there is a risk that too much current will flow into the battery from the beginning, which will heat the battery too much and shorten its lifespan again.
